20 Gauge Ammo for Upland Game Hunting: What You Need to Know

Upland game hunting requires a balance of power, shot density, and versatility. The 20 gauge shotgun, coupled with the right ammunition, can be an excellent choice for pursuing upland game species such as pheasants, grouse, quail, and dove. Here’s what you need to know about 20 gauge ammo for upland game hunting:

1. Shot Size: Shot size selection is crucial when hunting upland game. For smaller game birds like quail and doves, #7½ or #8 shot sizes are commonly used. These smaller shot sizes provide a dense pattern and are effective at closer ranges. For larger upland game species like pheasants, #5 or #6 shot sizes are preferred. These larger shot sizes offer increased energy and penetration to bring down these game birds.
2. Payload: The payload, or the amount of shot contained within the shell, affects the shot density and pattern. For upland game hunting, payloads in the range of 7/8 oz to 1 oz are commonly used in 20 Gauge Ammo shells. These loads provide a good balance of shot density and recoil management. Heavier payloads can offer increased shot density for better coverage, but they may also generate more recoil.
3. Velocity: The velocity of the shot affects the pattern spread and downrange energy. Standard velocities for upland game loads in 20 gauge ammo range from around 1,200 to 1,300 feet per second (fps). These velocities provide a good compromise between pattern tightness and effective range. Higher velocities can result in tighter patterns at longer distances but may also increase recoil.
4. Shot Material: The choice of shot material for upland game hunting depends on regulations and personal preference. Lead shot has been the traditional choice due to its excellent density and performance. However, in areas where lead shot is prohibited, alternative materials like steel, bismuth, or tungsten can be used to achieve similar performance. Ensure compliance with local regulations regarding shot material when hunting upland game.
5. Choke Selection: The choke of the shotgun determines the spread and density of the shot pattern. For upland game hunting, a versatile choke like the improved cylinder (IC) or modified (M) choke is commonly used. These chokes provide a balance between pattern density and effective range, making them suitable for varying distances encountered in upland game hunting scenarios.
6. Shot-to-Shot Consistency: Consistency in shot performance is essential for upland game hunting. Look for ammunition from reputable manufacturers known for their consistent quality and performance. This ensures that each shot delivers the expected pattern and downrange energy, increasing your chances of a clean and ethical harvest.
7. Practice and Familiarization: Before heading into the field, it is crucial to practice with your chosen 20 gauge ammunition. Spend time on the range to become familiar with how your shotgun performs with different loads and shot sizes. This practice allows you to develop confidence in your equipment and helps you understand the effective range and pattern of your chosen ammunition.

In conclusion, selecting the right 20 gauge ammo for upland game hunting involves considering factors such as shot size, payload, velocity, shot material, choke selection, shot-to-shot consistency, and practice. By understanding these key elements and tailoring your ammunition selection to the specific game species you’re pursuing, you can enhance your success and enjoyment during upland game hunting adventures.